Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: The article examines the sustainability of natural phenomena, which determines the consistency of the perception of reality. An adequate example of research is the multidimensional and multiparametric socio-economic biosystem (SEB) as a carrier of the phenomenon of life. There is a rapid accumulation of information about all aspects of the multidi- mensional space of the SEB by digitalization. Based on this, the multidimensional space is mathematically formalized by the vector feature space. From this, the geometry of the multidimensional information space of the SEB is formed, which makes it possible to simulate both direct and inverse problems of analysis. The formalization of the geometry of the SEB multidimensional information space is regulated by 3 functionals that reflect socio-political, economic and biological (including medical) aspects in the form of geometric images. Projection of geometric images into spaces of lower dimensions makes it possible to interpolate and/or approximate numerical arrays of images of SEB functionals into an analytical form. The obtained analytical representation of SEB images provides an opportunity for traditional studies of their properties. In the 2-dimensional view (plane), the SEB is represented by canonical polynomials of various degrees. It is shown that the necessary and sufficient condition for the global stability of canonical polynomials is determined according to Hurwitz. It is noted that reducing the number of checks of determinant inequalities is possible by means of the Liénard – Chipart criterion and some other methods. An assessment of the global stability of the natural phenomenon of SEB according to Hurwitz is carried out. The results obtained reveal the potential of anthropogenic manageability (adaptation) of the SEB. The immanent modeling of reality using multidimensional information arrays extends the mathematical task of evaluating polynomial stability to the stability of a set.

Annotation: This article presents a comparative analysis of the global payment system SWIFT and China’s CIPS system, designed for cross-border yuan settlements. The authors examine the historical development, functional capa- bilities, and current status of both systems. Particular attention is given to SWIFT’s advantages (global reach, universality) and its vulnerabilities (dollar dependence, political risks). The study provides a detailed analysis of CIPS’ objectives: reducing reliance on Western financial systems, promoting the yuan as an international currency, and safeguarding against sanctions. The technological features of the Chinese payment system are investigated, including its integrated clearing and settlement functions, adoption of the ISO 20022 standard, and potential integration with the digital yuan. The authors evaluate CIPS’ current limitations (narrow currency focus, smaller participant network) and its development prospects. The conclusion suggests a probable scenario of parallel coexistence, where CIPS will carve out a niche in yuan-denominated and alternative transactions without fully replacing SWIFT in the foreseeable future

Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of the development of telemedicine in the BRICS countries, which account for more than 40% of the world’s population. Significant scientific and practical interest is associated with the global growth of digitalization of healthcare, with the proven effectiveness of remote medical care. Different socio-economic challenges, a variety of regulatory approaches, various technological innovations, the political significance and potential of international cooperation between the BRICS countries make it possible to identify the best medical practices and adapt them to the system. In international cooperation on healthcare develop- ment, BRICS acts as a platform for data exchange and joint projects, making it possible to reduce dependence on Western technologies. The article presents the main achievements, limitations, and prospects for using telemedicine consultations in five key BRICS countries. The study of telemedicine in the BRICS countries is relevant not only for these countries, but also for the entire community, as it allows comparing the effectiveness of different models in similar socio-economic conditions, identifies universal solutions for emerging markets, and promotes the sustainable development of medicine.

Annotation: The article provides a comparative analysis of the investment policies of the Russian Federation and a number of countries with significant experience in countering the sanctions regime in order to identify the key principles and mechanisms for successful adaptation of national economies to external restrictions. The cases of Iran, China, Myanmar, Venezuela and Russia are examined. It has been established that the key factors in economic sustainability under sanctions are geographical diversification of foreign economic relations, liberalization of economic policy to attract foreign investment, and balanced use of raw material exports. The analyzed success- ful strategies of the countries showed that their key elements were long-term planning, development of domestic production capacities and establishment of multilateral international partnerships. The practical significance of the obtained research results lies in the possibility of their application in the development of state policy to counter sanctions pressure, in particular, in the forming of a strategy for foreign economic activity, improvement of the investment climate, and determination of technological policy.

Annotation: The disappearance of the Aral Sea is a consequence of inefficient water management, as well as climate change, which creates new challenges for the region and leads to serious problems in the use of water resources. How- ever, international experience shows that despite the successful application of the paid water use mechanism, irrigated agriculture still requires significant government subsidies. Because the volume of necessary invest- ments in many regions is much higher than the financial capabilities of farmers. The purpose of the study is to analyze the problems of managing the agricultural water supply system in the Central Asian region and identify ways to increase the sustainability of irrigation infrastructure. The study applied economic, statistical, factor and comparative analysis methods, as well as methods of generalizing conclusions, aimed at studying the eco- nomic, social and environmental aspects of water management and irrigated agriculture. A descriptive analysis of the state of water management in the region was carried out, the effectiveness of mechanisms for managing transboundary water resources and attracting investments was considered. As a result, the study showed that the current state of irrigated agriculture has led to a significant decrease in the volume of water entering the Aral Sea, a decrease in the area of agricultural land due to soil salinity, as well as depletion of water resources. The main beneficiaries of investments in irrigation systems are state bodies of the water and agricultural industries, as well as farming and peasant farms. It is necessary to attract investment, as well as measures to support farms that will ensure the sustainability of the agricultural sector. The introduction of PPP mechanisms will ensure the long-term development of irrigation infrastructure and the rational use of water resources.